Background
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is widespread in China. To date, no study available has specifically determined
the prevalence and risk factors of inpatients with CRE intestinal colonization in
this region.
Methods
Stool samples were screened for the presence of CRE in a Chinese university hospital.
A case-control study was performed to identify risk factors associated with CRE fecal
colonization. Case patients were those who had CRE colonization. Control subjects
had no microbiologic evidence of CRE colonization. Clinical data were obtained from
the medical record.
Results
The prevalence of CRE was 6.6% (20/303 patients), of which 8 had carbapenemase-producing
isolates. KPC-2, IMP-4, and NDM-1 were detected from these isolates. Hospital readmissions
(odds ratio [OR], 58.067; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 5.517-611.134; P = .001), sickbed changes (OR, 45.904; 95% CI: 8.484-248.376; P < .001), invasive procedures (OR, 8.322; 95% CI: 1.996-34.690; P = .004), and vancomycin (OR, 11.552; 95% CI: 1.155-115.574; P = .037) were independently associated with CRE colonization.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that asymptomatic intestinal carriage of CRE was relatively
common in one region of China. Our study suggested that the implementation of effective
infection control measures is urgently required to control the transmission of CRE
in health care facilities in this country.
Key Words
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Article info
Footnotes
Zhi-chang Zhao and Xiao-hong Xu contributed equally to this work.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 81201328) and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China (grant No. 2012J05147).
Conflicts of interest: None to report.
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© 2014 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
